import turtle, random, math # Global Variables canvas_width = 1000 canvas_height = 1000 screen = turtle.Screen() myPen = turtle.Turtle() # Setup the Pen and Screen screen.tracer(False) screen.setup(canvas_width, canvas_height, startx = None, starty = None) myPen.tracer(False) myPen.hideturtle() myPen.penup() myPen.speed(0) # draw the landscape def drawLandscape(): ''' ADD/CHANGE CODE BELOW Use the helper functions defined below OR create your own in order to draw a landscape scene. ''' # Example Landscape drawSky() drawGrass() drawCloud(-180,370,50) drawCloud(300,370,50) drawCloud(-390, 370, 50) drawSun(0,410, 180) drawBird(-40,310,"black", 20) drawBird(-260, 350, "black", 20) drawBird(200,360, "black", 20) drawTrees(-320, 260, 10, 100) drawHouses(-520,0, 20, 50) drawRock(-420,-250, "gray", 15) drawRock(420, -280, "gray", 15) drawTrees(-400, -250, 10, 100) ############################################################ # # # Helper functions to draw shapes such as circles, # rectangles, and triangles. # Other functions include drawing trees, houses, # sun, cloud, sky, grass, rock, and bird. # # List of functions available: # # drawTree(x, y, size) # drawTrees(x, y, numTrees, size) # drawHouse(x, y, color, size) # drawHouses(x, y, numHouses, size) # drawSun(x, y, radius) # drawCloud(x, y, size) # drawRock(x, y, color, size) # drawBird(x, y, color, size) # drawSky() # drawGrass() # drawCircle(x, y, color, radius) # drawSquare(x, y, color, size) # drawTriangle(x, y, fill, color, size) # drawRectangle(x, y, length, width, color) # getRandomColor() # ############################################################ ############################################################ # # drawTree(x, y, size) # # This function draws a single tree at the location (x,y) # # @param x: x position of tree # @param y: y position of tree # @param size: the size of the tree # ############################################################ def drawTree(x, y, size): """ Draw a single tree at the location (x,y). """ # first draw 3 green layers of tringular tree branches drawTriangle(x, y, True, "green", size) drawTriangle(x, y-((60.0/200.0) * size), True, "green", size) drawTriangle(x, y-((120.0/200.0) * size), True, "green", size) # next draw the bottom rectangular brown trunk rectangle_length = (80.0/200.0) * size rectangle_width = (30.0/200.0) * size triangle_height = (math.sin(math.radians(60))*size) drawRectangle(x,y-(triangle_height) - (rectangle_length)/2.0, rectangle_length, rectangle_width, "brown") ############################################################ # # drawTrees(x, y, numTrees, size) # # This function draws a group of trees starting at the # location (x,y). The number of trees drawn depends on the # parameter numTrees. A scaling factor is used to make the # trees at the back look smaller than the trees in the front. # # @param x: starting x position for drawing the trees # @param y: starting y position for drawing the trees # @param numTrees: number of trees to draw # @param size: the size of the tree # ############################################################ def drawTrees(x, y, numTrees, size): """ Draw a group of trees starting at (x, y). The number of trees drawn is specified by numTrees. A scaling factor is used to determine how small/big the tree becomes as the y-value is increases/decreases. """ scaling_factor = 0.1 # scaling factor # loop to draw the trees for n in range(numTrees): random_num = random.randint(-2,2) size_value = size # scale size (small/big) depending on y value if (y < 0):="" size_value="size" +="" math.fabs(scaling_factor="" *="" y)="" elif="" (size-(scaling_factor)*y=""><= 0):="" size_value="10" #="" min="" size="" elif="" (y=""> 0): size_value = math.fabs(size - (scaling_factor)*y) # draw tree drawTree(x+n*((160.0/200.0)*size), y+(random_num * ((20.0/200.0)*size)), size_value) ############################################################ # # drawHouse(x, y, color, size) # # This function draws a house at the location (x,y). # The color of house is specified by the parameter color. # # @param x: x position for drawing the house # @param y: y position for drawing the house # @param color: color of the house # @param size: the size of the house # ############################################################ def drawHouse(x, y, color, size): """ Draw a house at the point (x,y) in the specified color. """ # Draw a square for bottom of house myPen.fillcolor(color) drawSquare(x, y, color, size) # Draw a triangle for top of house drawTriangle(x, y + ((math.sin(math.radians(60))*size)/2.0)+(size/2.0), True, color, size) ############################################################ # # drawHouses(x, y, numHouses, size) # # This function draws a group of houses starting at the # location (x,y). The number of houses drawn depends on # the parameter numHouses. A scaling factor is used to # make the houses at the back look smaller than the houses # in the front. # # @param x: starting x position for drawing the houses # @param y: starting y position for drawing the houses # @param numHouses: number of houses to draw # @param size: the size of the house # ############################################################ def drawHouses(x, y, numHouses, size): """ Draw a group of houses starting at (x, y). The number of houses drawn is specified by numHouses. A scaling factor is used to determine how small/big the tree becomes as the y-value is increases/decreases. """ for n in range(numHouses): random_num = random.randint(-50,20) randomColor = getRandomColor() drawHouse(x+n*(1.3*size), y+(random_num*((20.0/200.0)*size)), randomColor, size) ############################################################ # # drawSun(x, y, radius) # # This function draws a sun at the location (x,y). # The size of the sun is specified by the parameter radius. # # @param x: x position of the sun # @param y: y position of the sun # @param radius: the size of the sun # ############################################################ def drawSun(x, y, radius): """ Draw a sun centered at the point (x,y) of size as specified by radius. """ myPen.setheading(0) myPen.speed(0) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x,y) myPen.pendown() myPen.color("orange") for x in range(80): myPen.forward(radius) myPen.left(170) ############################################################ # # drawCloud(x, y, size) # # This function draws a gray cloud at the location (x,y). # The size of the cloud is specified by the parameter size. # # @param x: x position of the cloud # @param y: y position of the cloud # @param size: the size of the cloud # ############################################################ def drawCloud(x, y, size): """ Draw a gray cloud at the point (x,y) in the specified size. """ myPen.speed(0) myPen.penup() myPen.setheading(0) myPen.goto(x,y) myPen.color("gray") myPen.begin_fill() myPen.circle(size) myPen.goto(x+(size), y) myPen.circle(size) myPen.goto(x-(size), y) myPen.circle(size) myPen.end_fill() ############################################################ # # drawRock(x, y, color, size) # # This function draws a rock at the location (x,y). # The color and size of the rock are specified by the # parameters color and size. # # @param x: x position of the rock # @param y: y position of the rock # @param color: color of the rock # @param size: the size of the rock # ############################################################ def drawRock(x, y, color, size): """ Draw a rock at the point (x,y) in the specified color and size. """ myPen.setheading(0) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x-size/2, y-size/2) myPen.color(color) myPen.speed(0) myPen.width(3) myPen.degrees(360) myPen.begin_fill() myPen.pendown() myPen.left(10) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(15) myPen.forward(0.75*size) myPen.left(85) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(15) myPen.forward(size * 0.333) myPen.left(10) myPen.forward(size * 0.5) myPen.left(45) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(35) myPen.forward(size/1.3) myPen.left(50) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(15) myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.left(70) myPen.forward(size/1.2) myPen.end_fill() ############################################################ # # drawBird(x, y, color, size) # # This function draws a v-shaped bird at the location (x,y). # The color and size of the bird are specified by the # parameters color and size. # # @param x: x position of the bird # @param y: y position of the bird # @param color: color of the bird # @param size: the size of the bird # ############################################################ def drawBird(x, y, color, size): """ Draw a v-shaped bird at (x, y) in the specified color and size. """ myPen.setheading(0) myPen.speed(0) myPen.color(color) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x,y) myPen.pendown() myPen.left(45) myPen.forward(size) myPen.right(90) myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x,y) myPen.setheading(0) myPen.pendown() myPen.left(135) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.setheading(0) ############################################################ # # drawSky() # # This function draws the sky using the background color # - light blue (#87ceeb). # ############################################################ def drawSky(): """ Create the sky by setting the background color to light blue. """ global screen screen.bgcolor("#87CEEB") ############################################################ # # drawGrass() # # This function draws the grass at the lower part of the # screen using the background color using a green color. # # ############################################################ def drawGrass(): """ Draw a block of grass that covers the lower part of the screen. """ drawRectangle(0, canvas_height/4.0, 750, canvas_width, "rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.76)") ############################################################ # # drawCircle(x, y, color, radius) # # This function draws a circle at the location (x,y). # The color and size of the circle are specified by the # parameters color and radius. # # @param x: x position of the circle # @param y: y position of the circle # @param color: color of the circle # @param radius: the size of the circle # ############################################################ def drawCircle(x, y, color, radius): """ Draw a circle of the specified radius at the point (x,y) in the specified color and size. """ myPen.speed(0) myPen.penup() myPen.setheading(0) myPen.goto(x, y-radius) myPen.width(3) myPen.pencolor(color) myPen.degrees(360) myPen.pendown() myPen.circle(radius) ############################################################ # # drawSquare(x, y, color, size) # This function draws a square at the location (x,y). # The color and size of the square are specified by the # parameters color and size. # # @param x: x position of the square # @param y: y position of the square # @param color: color of the square # @param size: the size of the square # ############################################################ def drawSquare(x, y, color, size): """ Draw a square centered at the point (x,y) in the specified color and size. """ global myPen # Setup myPen.setheading(0) myPen.speed(0) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x,y-(size/2.0)) myPen.shape('turtle') myPen.width(3) myPen.pencolor(color) myPen.degrees(360) # Draw the four sides of the square. myPen.down() myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.penup() ############################################################ # # drawTriangle(x, y, fill, color, size) # This function draws a triangle at the location (x,y). # The outline color and size of the triangle are specified # by the parameters color and size. An additional fill # color can be specified by the parameter fill. # # @param x: x position of the triangle # @param y: y position of the triangle # @param fill: fill color of the triangle # @param color: outline color of the triangle # @param size: the size of the triangle # ############################################################ def drawTriangle(x, y, fill, color, size): """ Draws a triangle centered at the point (x,y) in the specified color and size. The triangle will also be filled with the color as specified by fill. """ global myPen, screen # Setup Pen myPen.setheading(0) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x,y) myPen.speed(0) myPen.shape('turtle') myPen.width(3) myPen.degrees(360) if(fill == True): # Draw the three sides of the Triangle with filling. myPen.pencolor(color) myPen.goto(x, y-((math.sin(math.radians(60))*size)/2.0)) myPen.down() myPen.fillcolor(color) myPen.fill(True) myPen.begin_fill() myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.left(120) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(120) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(120) myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.end_fill() myPen.penup() myPen.setheading(0) myPen.done() else: # Draw the three sides of the triangle without filling. myPen.pencolor(color) myPen.down() myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.left(120) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(120) myPen.forward(size) myPen.left(120) myPen.forward(size/2.0) myPen.penup() myPen.setheading(0) myPen.done() ############################################################ # # drawRectangle(x, y, length, width, color) # This function draws a rectangle at the location (x,y). # The color and size of the rectangle are specified # by the parameters color, length, and width. # # @param x: x position of the rectangle # @param y: y position of the rectangle # @param length: the length of the rectangle # @param width: the width of the rectangle # @param color: outline color of the rectangle # ############################################################ def drawRectangle(x, y, length, width, color): """ Draw a rectangle centered at the point (x,y) with the specified color, length, and width. """ # Setup Pen myPen.setheading(0) myPen.penup() myPen.goto(x,y-(length/2)) myPen.speed(0) myPen.shape('turtle') myPen.width(3) myPen.pencolor(color) myPen.degrees(360) # Draw the four sides of the rectangle. myPen.forward(width/2) myPen.fillcolor(color) myPen.fill(True) myPen.begin_fill() myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(length/2) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(width) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(length) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(width) myPen.left(90) myPen.forward(length) myPen.end_fill() myPen.penup() myPen.setheading(0) myPen.done() ############################################################ # # getRandomColor() # This function returns a random RGB value (either red, # green, or blue) # # @return random RGB value (red, green, or blue) # ############################################################ def getRandomColor(): """ Return a random tuple of rgb values that can represent red, green, or blue. """ rgb = [255,0,0] random.shuffle(rgb) return tuple(rgb) # call the function to draw the landscape drawLandscape()